Sulfite Oxidase Deficiency in Children

Introduction to Sulfite Oxidase Deficiency in Children

Sulfite oxidase deficiency (SOD) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of sulfur metabolism. It is characterized by defective sulfite oxidation, leading to the accumulation of toxic sulfite and related metabolites in the body. SOD can be caused by mutations in either the SUOX gene, which encodes the sulfite oxidase enzyme, or the MOCS1 gene, which is involved in the synthesis of the molybdenum cofactor required for sulfite oxidase activity.

There are two main forms of SOD:

  1. Isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency (ISOD): Caused by mutations in the SUOX gene
  2. Molybdenum cofactor deficiency (MoCD): Caused by mutations in genes involved in molybdenum cofactor synthesis, primarily MOCS1

Both forms present with similar clinical features, primarily affecting the central nervous system and leading to severe neurological impairment.



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